Pulverizing apparatus



(No Model.) A I 4 Sheets-Sheet 1.

J. M. SOHUTZ. v PULVERIZING APPARATUS.

No. 522,945. Patented July 10, 1894.

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(No Model.) 4 Sheet.sSheet 2.

J. M. SGHUTZ. PULVERIZING APPARATUS.

Patented July 10, 1894 1n: cams wn'mwcm. mam-m WASHINGTON, n. c.

(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 3.

J. M. SOHUTZ PULVERIZING APPARATUS.

No. 522,945. Patented July 10, 1894.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOSEPH M. SCHUTZ, OF MINNEAPOLIS, MINNESOTA.

PULVERIZING APPARATUS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 522,945, dated July 10,1894.

Application filed August 4, 1893- .lb all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, JOSEPH M. SOHUTZ, a citizen of the United States,residing at Minneapolis, in the county of I-Iennepin and State ofMinnesota, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inPulverizing Apparatus, of which the following is a specification.

In the apparatus sought to be protected by these Letters Patent iscomprised a pulverizer in which the material is reduced, a separatingchamber in which the pulverized material is separated from the air andfrom which it flows continuously, an outlet tube from the pulverizerentering the separating chamber preferably at a tangent, a return tubeleading from the separating chamber to the pulver izer, means forcreating and maintaining suitable air currents throughout the apparatus,and a feed mechanism so arranged as to supply the material to be reducedto the pulverizer without permitting the entrance or escape of air,whereby the integrity of the circulation is insured, and continuouscontrollableair currents maintainedthroughout the apparatus, forcollecting and delivering the pulverized material automatically, and.without waste or loss of the pulverized material through the admissionor discharge of air.

An apparatus that will successfully pulverize all kinds of material,without creating dust outside the apparatus by disturbing thesurrounding atmosphere, has long been desired for pulverizing many kindsof material, and this machine fully meets that requirement, as the airused in the machine isconfined entirely within the pulverizer andseparating chamber, and the tubes connecting them, and circulatescontinuously throughout these parts. 7

In those forms of pulverizersand separators, in which fresh air is beingconstantly fed in from the outside, and passing through the apparatus,it carries with it the moisture and i mpurities of the atmosphere, whichmingle with the finely pulverized material and cause it likewise tobecome moist and impure, which in the case of many kinds of material isvery detrimental. In manycases it is impossible to use the ordinarypulverizer during damp weather, for reducing many substances, because ofthe dampness of the atmosphere being absorbed by the material beingpulver- SerialNo. 482,353- (No model.)

ized. In the construction shown however, the outside air being excluded,and only the air contained within the apparatus being used over and overagain, it soon becomes very dry, so that the pulverized material absorbsn0 moisture therefrom, and will not cake after or during thepulverization.

Another advantage of this apparatus is that the material to bepulverized is fed to the apparatus continuously, and as before stated,without admitting air with it, and the pulverized material likewisedischarged continuously, and without either admitting air or permittingany to escape. By this means the capacity of small apparatus constructedaccording to my invention is equal to other forms which are much largerand correspondingly more expensive.

In the drawings I have shown a preferred form of apparatus comprehendingthe mechanical features hereinafter claimed.

Figure 1 is a side elevation, and Fig. 2 is an end elevation, of theapparatus complete. Fig. 3 is a sectional detail of one of the airvalves. Fig. 4 is a longitudinal sectional elevation. Fig. 5 is a crosssectional elevation on a line 4v-os passing through the axis of the fanand its discharge, looking toward the tail end of the apparatus. Fig. 6isacross sectional view on the'line y y of Fig. 4:. Fig. 7 is aperspective view of one of the pulverizing shells removed, and Fig. 8 isa perspective view of one of the pulverizing boaters, removed. Fig. 9 isa sectional side elevation, and Fig. 10 is a cross sectional elevation,on the line a a of Fig. 9, illustrating a slight modification in theconstruction. a plan View with the separating chamber in cross section,on the line w-w Fig. 2.

A is a base frame upon which is mounted Fig. 11 is by standard A A themain horizontal shaft B, the shaft adapted to be adjusted laterally byset screws a a as shown, and with pulleys B B by which it may be driven.

D is a circularcasing supported upon the base A and through the centerof which the shaft B passes, as shown. On each end the casing D isprovided with reduced chambers D Dieach chamber having a large tube D Drising therefrom, asshown, the two tubes united at D into one trunk D atsome distance above the casing D Between the chamber D and the mainportion of the easing D is arranged a fan D opening both into theinterior of the casing and also into the chamber D and with itsdischarge pipe D9 rising upward and-ending in a separating chamber E, asshown. The fan pipe enters the separating chamber E at tangent thereto,so that the air entering the casing is whirled around in volute likepaths, as hereinafter more fully explained. The wind trunk D is turnedover and ends in the top of the upper end of the separating chamber E,while the discharge to the chamber is at its bottom E Within the pipes DD and also within the discharge pipe E of the separating chamber arearranged valves 1) W19 (being in the form of cut off slides, as shown,)the object to be hereinafter explained.

Arranged in one portion of the tube D is a feed roll 6 having anadjustable feed slide 6 and a hopper e by which. the material to bepulverized may be fed to the chamber D and from thence to the interiorofthe casin g D. By this means, an air tight feeding mechanism is providedwhich permits the material to be reduced,to be fed to the pulverizer,butwhich effectually prevents the'entrance of any air from the outside.

Within the casing D is arranged a series of shells formed of circularplates or rims F touching at their edges so as to form a complete liningto the casing D, and each rim provided with an annular ring F projectinginward from one edge, thereby forming the interior of the casing into aseries of compartments connected at their central portions.

Mounted upon the shaft B within each of the compartments formed by therings F is a spider or set of beaters consisting of arms F and a disk Fsee Figs. 4, 5and 7. Neither the disks F nor the edges and ends of thearms F touch the shells F F, but spaces are left for the passage of thematerial being pulverized, which is thus caused to take a somewhatzigzag course through the machine. The feed roller is actuated by wormgear and belt mechanism G G2 from the shaft B, as shown in Figs. 1 and2. I

The machine being set in operation, and the material to be pulverizedbeing supplied to the hopper 6 is slowly and uniformly fed into thechamber D in a thin uniform stream and passes thence into contact withthe first set of the rapidly revolving heaters F where the particles aresoon reduced by being thrown violently against the interior of theshells F and the rings F The fan D at the same time creates andmaintains a strong air current through the casing D, which carries theparticles, as soon as they are sufficiently reduced, into the nextcompartment, and so on throughout all the compartments and in contactwith all the heaters. By adjusting the valves 1) b in the tubes D D theair currents may be completely controlled and their force increased ordiminished to any desired extent. For instance, if a fine grade ofmaterial is required, then the valve 1) is nearly closed, and the valve17 drawn wide open, so that the larger portions of the air will be drawnfrom the separator E directly to the fan, while only a small portionwill pass through the pulverizer, the air currents naturally seeking theeasiest and most direct course. This greatly reduces the force of theair currents, so that the material will not be drawn through thepulverizer so rapidly,but will remain longer in contact with theheaters, and will thereby be more finely pulverized. Moreover, the aircurrents being weak, the particles will not be carried thereby into theseparator E until they are finely pulverized. By this means the materialwill bevery finely pulverized. If, on the other hand a coarser grade ofmaterial is required, the valve 11 is partially or wholly closed, toshut off the passage through the tube D and the valve 12 opened, so thata greater volume of the air is caused to pass through the pulverizer,thereby increasing the force of the currents therein and causing them tocarrylarger particles of the material into the separator. It will thusbe readily understood that the force of the currents may be perfectlycontrolled, and by thus controlling them, the sizes of the particlescarried by them from the ,pulverizer will be correspondingly regulatedand controlled.

In apparatus where only one grade of material is required, the tube Dmay be dispensed with, as shown in Figs. 9 and 10.

The interior of the shells F F may be fluted, or formed with teeth ofany desired form, as shown in Fig. 7, or left smooth, as the nature ofthe material to be reduced may require.

The material is carried by the air currents into the separating chamberon a tangent, at the center of the casing E, or at the point of junctureof the two reverse cones, and is set into a whirling motion the momentit enters, and expands into the interior of the casing, so that thepulverized particles of the material are suddenly released and flow downaround the interior of the casing in a volute like path and aredischarged at the bottom at E while the air currents flow upward and outinto the wind trunk D and thence back through the pulverizer and fanagain. By this means a continuous air blast is created and maintainedthrough the apparatus,none of the air flowing outward, but with thecirculation entirely self contained. Thus no adverse cnrrents occur tointerfere with the perfect action of the apparatus or the perfectseparation and reduction, and, as before stated, without permitting ofthe absorption of any moisture or impurities from the outsideatmosphere. i

Another important feature to be noticedi the fact that the pipe Dleading from the pulverizer to the separating chamber is of smaller areathan the tube D leading back again from the top of the separating casingto the pulverizer. By this means the air can never be compressed orretarded in its return to the pulverizer, hence no back pressure willever be created within the separating chamher to cause blowing from thebottom of the separating chamber, or otherwise interfere with theperfect action of the separator. By arranging the larger return pipe D Dto leave the separating chamber from its top, the air currents will flowconstantly upward from the point where the pipe D enters, so that theair currents do not pass below the line of the entrance of pipe DLbutrise constantly toward and through the return pipe D", D this actioneifectually preventing the formation of any back pressure in theseparating casing.

The separating chamber E is shown in the form of two reversed conesunited at their bases and having a common axis perpendicular to theplane of their junction, and with the inlet pipe D entering ata tangentat the center or point of juncture of the two cones, and with the outletpipe D D atthe apex of the upper cone. While this is the preferable formof the separating chamber, I do not claim it broadly, as it is not anovelty with me, per $6.

The valve 11 in the discharge E of the separating chamber is animportant feature of my invention, as it retards the outflowing materialsomewhat and prevents the formation of adverse whirling currents whichwould otherwise be liable to form in the lower portion of the chamber.By making the valves in the form of slides, the material is dischargedon one side of the tube E and the' small amount of air currents whichmay pass upward thereth rough, will not be thrown into whirls orintocircular motion, and thereby interfere with the perfect separatingaction 40 an outletairtube leading from said separating chamber to theopposite end of said pulverizer, a fan between said inlet tube andseparating chamber, an auxiliary air tube connecting said outlet tubewith the casingof said fan, and provided with a valve, whereby the forceof the air currents may be regulated and controlled, substantially asand for the purpose set forth.

2. In a pulverizing apparatus, a pulverizer,

a separating chamber, a tube D leading into the separating chamber at atangent, a tube D leading from the top of the separating chamber to thepulverizer, and mcansfor creating and maintaining air currentsthroughout said pulverizer, separating chamber and tubes, said tube Dbeing of smaller area than said tube D whereby the formation of backpressure in the separating chamber is prevented, substantially as andfor the purpose set forth.

In testimonywhereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of twosubscribing witnesses.

JOSEPH M. SCHUTZ.

Witnesses:

G. N. WOODWARD, H. S. WEBSTER.

